Betterment levy (Heitel Hashbacha)
In short
When a new plan increases the value of your land, the municipality takes half of the increase - not of the price, of the increase. You pay when you sell or when you apply for a permit that uses the new rights.
The professional explanation
The levy is set in the Third Schedule of the Planning and Building Law. Betterment is measured as the difference between land value on the eve of plan approval and afterwards, in an appraisal by the committee's appraiser. It can be disputed through a deciding appraiser or an appeals committee.
Exemptions and reductions exist, including an exemption for extending a dwelling up to 140 m² under certain conditions, and exemptions for public institutions and renewal neighbourhoods. They change, so each case must be checked.
Distinguish: the betterment levy is paid to the local committee; capital gains tax (mas shevach) is paid to the state. Both may apply to the same sale, but the levy is a recognised expense for capital gains tax.
Example from the field
A Ra'anana plot owner sold after a plan added a floor. The committee's appraiser set the betterment, and the levy was half of it. A counter-appraisal for the seller reduced the betterment fixed by the deciding appraiser.
Why it matters in a deal
- Estimate the expected levy before setting an asking price; it can be a large sum.
- A clearance certificate for the levy is a condition of Tabu registration.
- Your own appraiser can reduce an excessive assessment.